This summer, my dog contracted a tick-borne disease called Anaplasmosis. We had to seek emergency care due to his high fever. Despite giving him pills to prevent tick bites, which I thought would keep him safe, it turned out they aren't 100% effective.
He was treated with antibiotics and pain relief, and two days later, he was back to his healthy, adventurous self. There are ways to help prevent your dog from getting these diseases. If you find and remove a tick within 24-48 hours, the risk of your dog getting sick is significantly reduced. Therefore, it's crucial to check for ticks every day.
Ticks can transmit various pathogens that cause serious illnesses in dogs. Understanding these diseases, their symptoms, and how to prevent and treat them can be a lifesaver for your dog!
What Are Tick-Borne Diseases?
Tick-borne diseases are infections transmitted to dogs through tick bites. The most common tick-borne diseases affecting dogs include Lyme disease, ehrlichiosis, anaplasmosis, and Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Each of these diseases is caused by different pathogens, such as bacteria and protozoa, which ticks carry and transmit when they bite and feed on a dog.
Common Tick-Borne Diseases in Dogs
1. Lyme Disease: Caused by the bacterium *Borrelia burgdorferi*, Lyme disease can lead to joint inflammation, fever, and lethargy. In severe cases, it can cause kidney failure.
2. Ehrlichiosis: This disease is caused by *Ehrlichia* bacteria. Symptoms include fever, lethargy, weight loss, and abnormal bleeding. Chronic ehrlichiosis can result in severe immune system issues.
3. Anaplasmosis: Caused by *Anaplasma* bacteria, this disease presents with symptoms such as fever, joint pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. It can also cause anemia and neurological problems.
4. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever: This disease is caused by the bacterium *Rickettsia rickettsii*. Symptoms include fever, rash, muscle pain, and neurological issues. It can be fatal if not treated promptly.
Symptoms of Tick-Borne Diseases
The symptoms of tick-borne diseases can vary depending on the specific pathogen involved, but common signs to watch for include:
- Fever
- Lethargy or decreased activity
- Loss of appetite
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Joint pain or stiffness
- Vomiting and diarrhea
- Difficulty breathing
- Unexplained bleeding or bruising
- Neurological signs (e.g., seizures, difficulty walking)
If you notice any of these symptoms in your dog, especially if you know they have been exposed to ticks, it's essential to seek veterinary care immediately.
Preventing Tick-Borne Diseases
Prevention is key to protecting your dog from tick-borne diseases. Here are some effective strategies to minimize the risk:
1. Tick Prevention Products: Use veterinarian-recommended tick prevention products such as topical treatments, collars, and oral medications. These products can kill ticks on contact or repel them, reducing the likelihood of bites.
2. Regular Tick Checks: After outdoor activities, thoroughly check your dog for ticks. Pay special attention to areas like the ears, neck, underbelly, and between toes. Promptly remove any ticks you find.
3. Vaccination: In some regions, vaccines are available for certain tick-borne diseases, such as Lyme disease. Consult your veterinarian to see if vaccination is appropriate for your dog.
Treating Tick-Borne Diseases
If your dog is diagnosed with a tick-borne disease, treatment typically involves:
1. Antibiotics: Most tick-borne diseases are treated with antibiotics. The specific medication and duration of treatment depend on the disease and its severity.
2. Supportive Care: In addition to antibiotics, your veterinarian may recommend supportive care such as fluids, pain relief, and nutritional support to help your dog recover.
3. Regular Monitoring: Follow-up visits with your veterinarian are crucial to monitor your dog's progress and ensure the infection is fully resolved.
These are some of the things I use for tick preventing:
1. Bravecto Chews - A tasty treat that gives up to 12 weeks protection from ticks.
2. Centaura spray - Applies before walk and gives 4 hours protection.
Be careful not to use too many tick repellents simultaneously, as there is no research on how this might affect your dog. My vet recommended using short-term repellents in conjunction with the Bravecto chew.
Conclusion
Tick-borne diseases in dogs are a serious health issue that requires vigilance and proactive measures to prevent. By using tick prevention products, regularly checking your dog for ticks, and maintaining a tick-free environment, you can significantly reduce the risk of your dog contracting these diseases. If you suspect your dog has been bitten by a tick or is showing symptoms of a tick-borne disease, seek veterinary care immediately for prompt diagnosis and treatment. With the right precautions and care, you can help keep your furry friend healthy and tick-free.